All posts by Peter Murray

The need to enhance the reliability of supply chains for everything from parts for manufacturing to critical minerals is finally garnering the attention it deserves, and there is no better way to ensure this reliability than having all the stops along the way situated right in your own backyard.

While resource extraction has long been a forte of Canadian industry, an increasing number of companies are also now working to set up advanced domestic processing capacity, rather than simply shipping raw material overseas where other nations end up controlling the resource and keeping much of the value for themselves.

EMP Metals (CSE:EMPS) plans to be part of the solution for battery materials in North America, having recently released a Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) evidencing a robust lithium project in mining-friendly Saskatchewan. And while there is plenty of its acreage still to be explored, the company is moving quickly to determine the best path to processing the lithium in its brines all the way up to the grade needed to make the batteries for electric vehicles.

EMP Chief Executive Officer Rob Gamley sat down recently with Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine to discuss accomplishments to date and the near-term outlook for getting his company’s contribution to the supply chain up and running.

EMP Metals has not only identified an attractive lithium brine deposit but you are also intending to work with partners on processing the brine once you take it out of the ground. Walk us through the business plan at a high level.

Our main focus is being the first group to have a commercial Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) facility up and running in Saskatchewan. We’ve taken a pragmatic approach by building an Inferred resource on our landholdings, which are also in the province, and followed that up recently with the release of a Preliminary Economic Assessment.

The next step is a four-month field pilot with Koch Technology Solutions to test 1,000 litres of feed brine from our project area. Downstream partner Saltworks Technologies will be a part of this test as well.

At the same time, we are doing a front-end engineering study, also with Saltworks, over a six-month period. All of these activities are designed to help us assess the technical aspects of our projects on an industrial scale.

Talk to us about your landholdings and what you’ve found so far. We hear the existence of wellbores from historic oil drilling helps to keep capital costs under control.

There were some government datapoints that enabled us to vector in on the specific locations we chose and, obviously, there were certain things we were excited to see from a geological perspective. This is a large regional aquifer and the geology is relatively simple.

Our initial plan was to enter existing wellbores to test them and thereby reduce our capital spending requirements, and we were successful with that. We also drilled new wells where there were not enough suitable existing ones to re-enter and test.

As for the basics of the projects, we have holdings in southeastern Saskatchewan totaling approximately 200,000 acres. These are predominantly crown mineral dispositions and separated into three key project areas, with the highlight so far being the Viewfield portion.

We’ve tested what to our knowledge are the highest lithium brine concentrations proven so far in Canada, with concentrations up to 259 milligrams per litre. Our Inferred resource on the Viewfield project is 747,526 tonnes of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE), and at Mansur the Inferred resource is 503,462 LCE.

What about processing the brines once they are out of the ground?

The plan is for brines to be processed and the lithium extracted through DLE technology from one of our partners. It would then be concentrated, refined and converted by the downstream service provider I mentioned earlier, Saltworks.

Like our company, Saltworks is based in Western Canada, so you have a world-class Canadian resource and a top-tier Canadian technology company teaming up on this. Saltworks is a global leader in wastewater treatment and lithium refining solutions and is able to take extracted lithium and refine it to the standard of battery-grade lithium carbonate. In our case, we were able to produce carbonate at 99.95% purity. That’s the triple nines that you’re looking for in order to have true battery-grade lithium.

I think with the trends we currently see of deglobalization, onshoring, bolstering supply chains, and with the Canadian and Saskatchewan governments supportive of these developments, what we are working on is timely and important. You can’t necessarily rely on other sources in today’s world. With what we are advancing, it should be easier to assess the risk.

On that note, Saskatchewan is known as a particularly good jurisdiction for resource companies. Tell us about your experience.

Our experience in Saskatchewan has been nothing short of fantastic. The provincial government is highly supportive as it looks to further diversify its mining and energy sectors. We’ve received a lot of public support for our project as well.

There are so many advantages. Not just the extensive infrastructure owing to years of oil and gas activity that means access to power and other project requirements, but also Saskatchewan being ranked third in the world, and first in Canada, for mining investment attractiveness by the Fraser Institute. There is no better place to be for this business in our opinion.

You came out with your PEA just after the start of the year. Walk us through the numbers.

We are very pleased with the Preliminary Economic Assessment. It shows that we have a large project which compares well vis-à-vis our peers.

I think it’s important to highlight that the numbers in the PEA represent only 14% of our overall landholdings. The project life is 23.2 years, producing 282,090 tonnes of battery-grade lithium carbonate. Using an average selling price of US$20,000 per tonne of LCE, our after-tax Net Present Value (NPV) at an 8% discount rate is US$1.066 billion. The after-tax internal rate of return (IRR) is 45% and our payback period is 2.4 years at the after-tax number.

Reflected in that last point is that our operating expenditure (OPEX) estimate is one of the lowest in North America thanks to the concentration and quality of the brine.

In the third quarter of 2023, EMP announced an investment of just over C$9.7 million from a private equity group in the U.K., which is quite an accomplishment in this challenging market. We know you are in frequent touch with shareholders. Is there any feedback from the investment community you can share with us on the project or sector in general?

Obviously, the lithium price has not held up as well as the industry had hoped. But there is certainly a belief that the long-term outlook is robust, with EV sales globally up 30% last year. So, we see the electrification of the economy and green trends continuing.

Regarding the investment community, the mining-focused U.K. investor you mentioned conducted a lot of due diligence on our project and it held up fine, resulting in them taking an equity stake in EMP of almost 20% – it’s a huge endorsement of our company. Further, we clearly have caught the attention of major oil and gas players and strategics. They see our company as a good place to deploy capital owing to our asset quality and the regulatory environment in Canada.

Again, we’ve got a great reservoir with the highest concentrations we know of in Canada to date, low OPEX and an attractive IRR. And I can’t overstate how important it is to be working in a jurisdiction such as Saskatchewan where things are significantly de-risked from a permitting perspective and support from the government and public.

Is there anything we have missed?

I would say that EMP really differentiates itself with a pragmatic, economics-driven approach. We have done a significant amount of work to de-risk the project over the last 12 months, and our top-tier technical team enables us to advance things quite quickly. I would reiterate that our brine is of particularly high quality with no oil or hydrogen sulphides, and that translates into cost savings because little to no pre-treatment is required.

From a geological standpoint, we are in the Duperow formation, which is significantly shallower than the Leduc formation in Alberta, and this is another factor helping to keep costs under control. Add in our commitment to working with the best DLE companies and downstream refiners in the business and I believe things are lining up for us to make big strides in the months and years ahead.

This story was featured in Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine.

Learn more about EMP Metals at https://empmetals.com/.

CSE Issuer Stories, Magazine

Innovation drives success at a beverage legend where customers shape branding and unique flavour is the norm

December 20, 2023 Peter Murray

“Give the people what they want” is a tried-and-true business philosophy, but rarely does one come across a company as open to customer wants and ideas as Jones Soda (CSE:JSDA). From putting photos submitted by consumers on the bottles of its craft sodas to encouraging product customization for events big and small, listening to its base has made Jones a success story for over a quarter of a century.

Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine caught up with David Knight, the company’s new President and Chief Executive Officer, in early November to learn about the history of the brand and what comes next. Expanding a winning formula into multiple new markets lies at the core of its tasty plan.

Jones has one of the most eye-catching and constantly evolving brands in any market. Consumers can even submit their own photos and potentially see them on a bottle. This is obviously a reflection of corporate culture and a philosophy of success. Tell us more about the thinking behind the brand.

The company was founded in 1995, so it’s been around for 28 years now. The founders chose the name Jones because they wanted one of the most frequently used last names in the country. They started with Smith and ended up going with Jones, which is in the top five in the US and the top 15 in Canada. It was really started as the beverage of the people.

The platform is all about natural cane sugar with unique flavours and bright colours. It’s about fun and great taste and lots of options.

From a community standpoint, this month we have our one millionth community photo on the bottles, so we’ve got a deep level of interaction with our core consumers who, as you said, send in their photos, and if they make it, their photo goes on the bottles. It is a lot of fun, and we get real engagement and great stories on our products.

Last year, we added augmented reality, which means you can use an app on your phone and bring a photo to life as a video.

We started on the street, so we are very deep into action sports like BMX and skate and surf. We were the cool brand to be found in skate shops and delis, and since then have moved into larger formats such as Safeway, Albertsons, Walmart and Target. It’s really grown from the original days and has been a fun ride for the team.

As the newly appointed President and CEO, what is your plan for the company? What is the focus, what are you looking to preserve and is there anything you believe needs to change?

As we’ve just talked about, we’ve got a very powerful brand. We think there is a huge opportunity with consumers who have experienced Jones at various times throughout their lives. We have that core group of consumers, and we also need to invest in the next generation and bring those folks into Jones as well. We are doing that, in part, through more distribution and getting into convenience stores.

As a beverage guy, I’m a big believer in cold availability, which means making sure that Jones is available cold at arm’s length for consumers. Anywhere there is a fridge with beverages in it, Jones needs to be there. In other words, distribution growth.

The team has done a wonderful job of getting us into the cannabis market as well. We launched Mary Jones in California and have good penetration among dispensaries in the state. We quickly became the number one cannabis soda and were just voted the best-tasting cannabis soda at a recent cannabis cup.

The transition of great taste from soda into cannabis beverages has been a big one. We’re in Washington now too and are launching into Michigan. We’ll then be looking at expanding the brand into other states, with a strong look at Canada in 2024.

Beyond that, we just launched Jones Plus, which is an energy play. It’s a high-boost caffeinated beverage.

So, the theme is innovation that makes sense for us in categories and beverages where the brand will work. We define that as craft sodas, craft caffeinated beverages and the cannabis play with Mary Jones in both the regulated and the Delta 9 hemp-derived space.

Let’s look at results. Sales dropped a little over 10% from the first half of 2022 on a challenging year-on-year comparison, though margins improved quite noticeably. Is that improvement reflective of operations or are there external factors at play?

Management set a focus on margin improvement about three years ago with a five-year objective of getting to a 35% margin. So far, I think we’ve achieved an improvement of nine percentage points, so that’s a huge accomplishment by the operations team.

As we’re mostly in large format retail stores, grocery, etc., we did see some headwinds. Some of our accounts during COVID-19 switched from single bottles to four-packs and then switched back, and this is what caused most of our volume decline.

Thanks to innovation, including a mini can which I think will do well, we are expecting a rebound next year, as we have a new format, new space and new distribution in the retail market.

The beverage business is pretty cyclical. You present, you get listings, you drive volume for that year and you kind of rinse and repeat for the next year. We’ve just gone through that cycle and expect some big wins for 2024.

Let’s look at the creative side of the company. Internally, where do ideas for flavours such as Zombie Juice and Pucker Punch come from?

We believe that good ideas can come from anywhere. And again, our community is pretty forthcoming with ideas. We get a lot of flavour ideas from customers, and underneath every cap we have a little phrase from the community. We take ideas beyond just the photos we get.

Jones also has a pretty tight creative team. Some of our team have been on the brand for over 20 years, so we have a good history and legacy of what Jones is and how we can keep that authentic.

That’s one of our secret sauces. It’s the creativity of the brand. We are edgy and we like to have fun, and as a team, we select the ones that we think are going to work. We try not to take ourselves too seriously, though we do drive hard at it.

You mentioned you get a lot of feedback from the community. Can you share a story with us that stands out in your mind?

In my first week at Jones, I was going through an airport with a Jones t-shirt on, and someone pulled me aside and said, “Oh, Jones is super cool. I love the turkey gravy.” We came out with a turkey gravy flavour for Thanksgiving several years ago, and it comes back every year.

Similarly, we are now launching a dog soda based on bone broth and some functional ingredients that help dogs with joint health. It goes to show that these fanciful flavours really do resonate, and we get community feedback, press pickup — I don’t know of another beverage business that does this.

Humans drink throughout the day, but there is competition for their dollar. What are the top reasons you believe the company can increase its value consistently going forward?

I’m a brand guy and have worked on some pretty big brands, but Jones is a particularly good one. It has a deep history and is known for its fun irreverence. We are a very welcoming brand across all genres, colours, sizes and shapes. I feel blessed that I’m working on a brand that has such a legacy in this country. You talk to people who have had Jones, and they can tell you a story about their first experience with a cream soda or a root beer.

We have a team that is passionate about the business and a culture that thrives in terms of ideas and appetite for growth and going the extra mile. It’s a great brand with great people.

The one area I really want to drive is innovation and continuing to do things that bigger companies do not. We have a brand called MyJones where consumers send us a photo for an engagement party or a graduation, and they can customize the bottles for their event. We take customization seriously, all the way to our retailers. As an example, we’ll do special events for our retailers where we put their brand on bottles. Customization is a competitive advantage, and we’ll do a lot more of it in 2024.

And we are pushing the edge of what else Jones can do beyond craft soda, caffeinated beverages and cannabis beverages. We are pushing the innovation pipeline for next year.

Partners are important, too. I can talk about STK Steakhouse and Kona Grill. Jones is now on their menu for soda, a float and a spiked Jones. They are responding well to the velocity and margin that they are getting and the glass bottle that works with fine dining.

We’re really making sure we get Jones into more key distribution points and have people celebrate the legacy of the brand. We are doing a lot of great things for next year, and we’re all really excited.

This story was featured in Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine.

Learn more about Jones Soda at https://www.jonessoda.com/

CSE Performance

Year-End 2023 Interview with Canadian Securities Exchange CEO Richard Carleton

December 13, 2023 Peter Murray

It was a tale of two stock markets in 2023, with large-cap indices nearing record highs, while the shares of smaller companies struggled to find steady footing. Ongoing geopolitical uncertainty didn’t help, but if one had to name a single factor explaining the divergent performance, most observers would point to interest rates, which have surged manyfold from their pandemic trough that ended in the latter half of 2021.

History suggests that small-cap companies will again have their day in the sun. Reasons for optimism include expectations for a softening interest rate environment and the undeniable global trend toward greater electrification, which will continue to present opportunities to companies of all sizes. As is always the case with financial markets, timing is the hardest thing to predict.

Through all of this, the Canadian Securities Exchange maintained steady growth in its issuer base in 2023, while also introducing important changes to listings policies, margin eligibility, and its visual brand.

In a late-November discussion, CSE Chief Executive Officer Richard Carleton offered his perspective on markets at home and abroad, as well as his outlook for 2024, as the Exchange gets ready to mark a particularly important milestone.

Every year is different for the capital markets and in 2023 it was the interest rate environment that took centre stage. How would you characterize the capital markets in 2023 based on your interaction with issuers and others in the financial community?

It’s a tricky question and my initial reaction is that it was unprecedented, difficult, and a little strange — these are the words that come to mind. The first big issue is a lack of trading activity in all of Canada’s public markets, but particularly in the junior capital markets. The last time we saw turnover levels this low was 10 years ago. It has been a significant decline given that we were at record levels only two years ago, which was the height of the pandemic. To see declines in overall trading activity on the order of 70% to 80% is something that in my career, which dates back some 35 years in the capital markets, is unprecedented.

I think it’s fair to say that the interest rate environment and the overall economy is likely the culprit. As we know, retail investor participation is very important, particularly for the junior capital side of the markets, and there is a lot of pressure on Canadian families from an inflation perspective, housing costs, mortgage renewals, and so on. So, I think we are seeing that decrease in activity as a result.

That said, there are reasons for tremendous optimism because we have had many new companies access public capital through the Canadian Securities Exchange over the course of the year. We are not at the record levels we saw in 2021 or 2022 in terms of new companies coming to market, but we are still going to see roughly 100 companies list in 2023, which is extraordinary growth.

There has been a significant shift in the nature of those companies. In the last couple of years, we have seen a lot of investment in battery, strategic, and critical minerals, which are principally lithium, graphite, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and rare earth elements.

This obviously takes place in anticipation that as the economy further electrifies and we bring new battery plants into production, there will be considerable demand for all of these minerals. Given the lack of new capacity brought on line for these minerals over the past 20 or 30 years, the belief is that there is a tremendous opportunity for Canadian companies, whether they are mining in Canada or internationally, to fill that demand.

So, as I say, we are in this kind of strange situation where we have a very robust listings pipeline and new listings cohort from 2023, but at the same time, we see participation rates and asset valuation levels that are disappointing and somewhat frustrating for company management teams.

You just described a year that had as many challenges as opportunities, yet the CSE is on pace for an impressive number of new listings across a wide variety of business sectors. What enabled the CSE to perform so well?

We attract the majority of new companies coming into Canada’s public marketplace at this time. There are a number of reasons for this, but I think that the most important factor is the excellent working relationship our listings regulation team has built up over the years with entrepreneurs and their legal, accounting, and investment banking advisors.

People feel very comfortable working with the team, and I believe there is also an appreciation for the opportunities we provide through our listings development group to help showcase the unique stories of our issuers to a marketplace that, as I say, is challenging at the moment. So, it’s really both as the company lists on the CSE, and then as they look to grow in part through a relationship with the CSE, that we have an opportunity to help our issuers achieve their goals.

The CSE underwent a significant visual rebrand in 2023 that brought with it a new slogan: Always Invested. Why was now the right time and what does the refreshed brand represent?

I’d say there are two things. The first is that we have been involved with our partners at the securities commissions on a rebuild of our listings policies, really for the first time in the 20-year existence of the organization. There are significant changes to both tighten up the requirements for all companies listed on the exchange, as well as the creation of a senior tier which will enable us to regulate larger, more mature companies on a similar basis as they would be on larger exchanges in North America.

With that was really the recognition that we have moved past the start-up phase and are now a material part of Canada’s public markets. The visual identity of the brand is meant to convey our evolution. The logo is bold with forward momentum, it represents stability and, to a smaller degree, modernization and disruption.

The slogan “Always Invested” is a promise to our customers and partners. A promise that we will always be invested in quality service and the future of efficient public capital markets.

Was the decision to look at the listings policies mostly an internal one or did the broader financial community influence it as well?

The drive to update the listings policies came from a number of sources. We had feedback from the entrepreneurial, legal, and audit communities in terms of where our policies should be headed. And we work very closely with the regulators in terms of supporting investor protection and promoting capital formation and liquid markets through availability of information on companies.

We concluded that we could do a number of things to update the approach we have taken from when the listings manual was first drafted in 2003. So, with the benefit of 20 years of experience and feedback from various stakeholders, it was time to make significant changes.

The CSE will reach its 20^th year as a recognized exchange in May 2024. You must already be planning a celebration of this milestone. What is in store and what can issuers and investors expect from the CSE in the next 20 years?

The first question is the easiest in that we are certainly looking to mark the event, but in ways that are sensitive to the difficult financing conditions many of our issuers are finding. Of course, times are challenging also for the investment dealers who we work with on the corporate finance and trading sides. So, I wouldn’t expect anything too over the top, but it is important that we celebrate the milestone because it is significant.

I like to tell entrepreneurs when they are considering working with the CSE that we are an exchange that has experienced many of the same challenges and triumphs as a company that they are going through: we were a start-up that initially struggled to find an audience for its services, went through multiple pivots as we looked to find our way in an intensely competitive market, had to raise capital during very difficult market conditions but ultimately succeeded by never losing sight of our goal, which is to build a great exchange. We will be celebrating these achievements next year as we reach our 20^th year as an exchange.

As for the next 20 years, that’s a really good question. There has been a lot of criticism of traditional finance models from our peers in the crypto world: they are looking to decentralize trading facilities and disintermediation of service providers like traditional brokers, custodians, clearing agencies, and the like. From my perspective, the system we collectively operate for access to trading and capital through the traditional stock market environment has evolved to respond to a series of challenges over many years. It is actually very robust.

All of the systems and processes that had to be re-invented for crypto trading are already deeply baked into the investor protection and business processes that we have in what they call the legacy or “centralized finance” world, as the crypto community sometimes refers to it.

My point is that the exchange trading environment is likely to look an awful lot like it does now, with more technology applications eliminating the remaining manual processes from the trading world, and facilitating the availability of better and more timely information for investors.

A visit to Australia earlier in the year brought the opportunity for new perspective on a capital market that is often compared to Canada’s. What can you tell us about the market there and the ambitions of the local financial community?

What’s interesting is that before we left for Australia, and since we returned, I saw articles in the Canadian business press suggesting that Australia is eating Canada’s lunch when it comes to embracing and supporting the new generation of companies in the strategic minerals space. When we were in Australia, we saw opinions expressed in the local financial press that Canada was eating Australia’s lunch when it came to supporting the investment and development of companies in the strategic minerals space. I’m not sure who is right or wrong, but clearly there is a difference of opinion on the point!

It’s clear that Canadian mining companies have been looking for capital from the Australian market. It appears that there are a number of Australian funds that are prepared to invest in relatively early-stage exploration companies, and also that companies from the CSE, and Canada in general, have had some success in raising capital from Australian investors.

The window seems very tight for raising additional money here in Canada so when a couple of Canadian companies had success in Australia, others followed that lead and attempted to replicate their experience.

From our perspective, we are looking to remove as many barriers and costs as we can for companies on the CSE to raising capital in Australia, and will support CSE-listed issuers seeking admission to the ASX in any way that we can.

Staying with the mining theme, can you share your thoughts with us on the sector’s outlook for 2024?

It is clear that good projects across a wide range of potential minerals are getting funding and entering the public markets. They are able to raise that first round of investment to support the first phase of exploration.

The new issuers from 2021 and 2022 that now have a season of drilling under their belts have been generating some positive reports. Normally, you would expect to see positive price performance, but for some reason, we are not seeing it. As a result, when companies raise their second round, the funding is dilutive for their original investors because the transaction is conducted at the previous issue price, or even lower for some of them.

This is a challenge and a source of some frustration for the industry. That said, we continue to see good projects come to the CSE and there is an extensive pipeline of companies preparing to come to market in 2024.

I hope and expect that with a return to more normal levels of retail participation as interest rates begin to come down in 2024, which I think is a near certainty, you will see the cycle happen where the management teams that successfully advance projects are rewarded with better market valuations and are able to raise significant additional funds at higher prices.

The cannabis sector has gone through some adjustment of late. What has been the CSE’s experience and have you had any feedback from cannabis issuers that stands out in your mind?

Cannabis issuers in many respects are very similar to those in the mining sector right now in that there is a degree of frustration from company management over lack of support in the secondary market as far as asset valuation goes.

We have a number of companies listed on the CSE which continue to build market share in the United States, and there continue to be new states that legalize for adult recreational purposes, which opens up new markets for these companies.

But it appears that the investment community is focused on legislative progress toward either rescheduling of cannabis from a Schedule I to a Schedule III substance, which could result in significant tax relief for companies in the United States, or toward some form of outright legalization for adult recreational purposes on the Federal level.

As a result of these challenges with their equity market valuation, many of the larger companies are raising debt capital by either mortgaging tangible assets or securing lines of credit through the significant cash flow a few of these larger companies are generating. It is a very challenging time for these companies and my hope is that we begin to see more institutional participation and more long-term investors with a sophisticated understanding of the prospects and outlook for these companies. That should create the conditions for better price performance that recognizes the progress that many of them have made over the last five years.

In June, CSE issuers became eligible for margin following a decision by the Canadian Investment Regulatory Organization. How have issuers benefited since that decision was made?

It’s a benefit that flows to the investment dealers when they hold CSE securities in their own names on an overnight basis. The changes mean that, for eligible securities, they don’t have to take 100 cents on the dollar as a capital hit and will see significant reductions on that charge against their firm’s regulatory capital.

I know that sounds like deep inside baseball, but the practical benefit for an issuer is that it can significantly decrease the dealer’s cost of conducting an offering on behalf of the issuer. For many of these companies, the dealer will hold the stock in its inventory for a significant period of time. It is very expensive if they are tying up regulatory capital to hold that position.

This change should, and will, facilitate a lower cost of capital for CSE issuers.

It is always up to the investment dealer to determine if they will permit a client to hold a security in a margin account; the regulatory change does not mean that CSE securities will become eligible for margin accounts. Investors will have to ask their dealer about the issue.

We took a 20-year look forward earlier in the discussion. Let’s shorten the timeline and conclude with your thoughts on what the CSE plans to achieve in 2024.

We’re deep in the planning stages of our forecast, our budget, and the strategic plan for 2024, and there are a few things I would highlight.

We saw tremendous growth in our staff complement in 2023 as we powered up to service our ever-growing issuer population and to administer many of the new listings policies implemented over the course of the year. We should be quiet on the “new hires” front in 2024.

There will be demand for new capital from the mining companies, in particular, who joined the Exchange over the last three years. The CSE will do what we can to assist these companies in reaching sources of capital in Canada, the U.S., and overseas. We’ve talked in past years about the preferred access Canadian public companies have to the U.S. capital markets; I believe that the U.S. could be an important source of capital for the CSE’s mining issuers in the coming years. We also want to work with the industry to assist them in any way we can to engage with a younger generation of investors looking to support the energy transition through their investment portfolios.

Overall, we are being quite conservative in our expectations for trading and new listings in the coming year. I personally believe that interest rates will come down sooner and faster than the broader consensus, but that probably isn’t a sound basis for us to be doing our financial planning for the year! What I am certain of is that when rates do begin to come down, there will be more robust trading volumes across the markets. It is my hope that investors take the time to get to know the issuer classes of 2022 and 2023 a little better as they come back to the market.

CSE Issuer Stories, Magazine

Critical Infrastructure Technologies: A Communications Solution for Disasters, Defence, Mining and More Prepares To Break Into the Big Time

August 23, 2023 Peter Murray

One can hardly turn on the news these days without learning of some event around the world that has displaced large numbers of people and knocked out essential services.

While some debate the cause, one thing’s for certain: climate change is occurring. Armed conflicts play havoc with communications and power networks as well, of course. Getting communications back up and running in these environments can literally be a matter of life and death.

Critical Infrastructure Technologies (CSE:CTTT) is ready to help with a platform that lifts itself off a flatbed truck and sets up in extreme conditions, launching a communications network from atop a 16 metre mast so that residents, emergency workers and others can easily connect with one another again. Nexus 16, as the platform is called, has everyday commercial applications as well.

Chief Executive Officer Brenton Scott recently joined Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine from the company’s head office in Fremantle, Australia to discuss the many uses of Nexus 16 and the outlook for adoption by the industrial and government sectors.

It is not uncommon these days for unforeseen events to cut off power and electronic communications. What products do you offer to help companies and countries manage these situations?

You raised emergency services, in essence, and then there is also mining, and the third sector we are targeting is defence.

With emergency services, any natural disaster is likely to knock power out, and when power goes down, your fixed infrastructure goes down with it. Fixed communications towers generally have a four-to-eight-hour backup power supply, but after that you are going to lose those towers.

Telcos over-cater with their cellular networks such that operating radiuses overlap. If one goes down, another one can pick it up. But with a widespread power outage, it can all go down.

We provide a solution that is a fully autonomous, self-deploying mobile communications platform. You can deploy it within 30 minutes and restore a whole communications network, using satellite if need be, or we can tap into a fixed communications tower that is operational about 50 kilometres away and bring the signal back. And if you put multiple platforms around, it will form a mesh network that creates a much broader telecommunications system.

Our platform basically gets moved around on a flatbed truck and will lift itself off the truck. The driver does not have to get out of the vehicle to deploy it in bad conditions. External systems can monitor and control everything.

The emergency application is clear. What about in mining?

As miners move more and more toward autonomous haulage, which is driverless vehicles, they need a stable communications network on site. Effectively, they need a 4G or 5G network to operate their vehicles.

If they have a communications blackout, and this happens in pits occasionally as the pit expands and deepens, they will experience black spots. If an autonomous vehicle goes through a black spot, communication is cut and every single vehicle in the train of vehicles stops. Big miners value stoppage in production in the millions of dollars per minute, so they can’t have this happen.

A lot of them put as many fixed towers around sites as possible. But as pits expand, they can’t put a fixed solution on the edge because the shape is constantly changing.

Our system is easily moveable, so if the platform is near a blasting area, for example, you just move it out of the way.

How about on defence?

Let’s use Ukraine as the defence example. The Russian Federation is targeting fixed infrastructure, so they are taking out power sources. That creates a communications problem both on the battlefield and from a humanitarian perspective.

We have had multiple meetings with the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. Ukraine’s Ambassador to Australia has been to our office and seen a demonstration of the product. And last September, I went to Poland and met with members of the Ukrainian defence ministry attaché and showed them the product. We are in frequent contact to see how Nexus 16 could help and how we might get platforms to Ukraine.

The beauty of the product is that we supply a platform that goes up 16 metres, and it is fully mobile with a retractable mast. We are marketing it as a communications platform, so we put our radars and everything on top to provide a telecommunications network.

We were asked what else could go on top of the mast. The answer is anything that weighs less than 250 kilograms. It could be used as a surveillance system with cameras on it. You could put it up 16 metres to have a look around, and you could pull it back down and move the platform, just like a periscope in a submarine. You could put a drone detection system on top. You could have a mobile airport control tower.

Where do you see immediate demand coming from, and will there be ongoing demand from one sector and then event-driven demand layered on top of that?

We are moving from R&D into commercialization and are building our first two platforms. We have shown the product to a number of large mining companies in Western Australia and are in discussions with one of them to purchase one of the first platforms for a specific need they have.

The first unit sold to a big mining company would be a significant event, and we think we are close to achieving that. Once that happens it should give us traction in the mining field. And then we’ll build based on demand. We see mining being a big market for us.

On emergency services, we have met with the Western Australian Minister for Emergency Services and also with representatives from the Department of Fire and Emergency Services. They are fully aware of the problems in the event of a natural disaster. When the fires spread around Western Australia, townships were concerned there was no communications network to be able to warn first responders and residents of fires that were coming. The government should be buying platforms to cover the whole region.

The recent budget from the West Australian Premier revealed that during the last year, the state government received AU$11.1 billion in mining royalties, which works out to $30.4 million per day. If a cyclone hit the northwest of Western Australia and took out infrastructure at mine sites or at the port, every day they can’t load a ship it costs the state $30.4 million. They can buy 10 of our platforms and it is an insurance policy against $30.4 million per day.

With defence, we are working with Ukraine. We are talking with Australia’s federal government as well, which is looking to increase its defence capabilities. The government just brought out a strategic review and part of that is ensuring that the northwest of Western Australia has adequate infrastructure in place.

Because of the AUKUS agreement between Australia, the US and the UK, the three countries are working to provide much better protection in the Indo-Pacific region. We think there is potential to sell product into the AUKUS partnership as they take up occupancy in remote islands, for example, to make sure they have a presence and eyes and ears in the region.

Talk to us about the design challenges you overcame to ensure Nexus 16 was ready to work in tough environments.

The team came together about two years ago with lots of experience in communications. Our design challenges were around making it the size of a 20 foot sea container, and having four robotic legs that lift it off the truck and settle it back down and stabilize it to hold a 16 metre mast. Some people liken it to a Transformer – it comes out of this 20 foot shape and the whole thing comes to life with the push of a button.

We created a walk-in control room to house batteries and any other computer equipment required. There are dual generators with diesel tanks in case the batteries go down. We have a solar array on the roof.

The tower can withstand near-cyclonic winds up to 140 kilometres per hour. And if the wind gets over a certain level, the mast will automatically retract to protect itself. We have more redundancies built into this product than you can imagine.

How does this all come together as a story that people should follow?

We think the product speaks for itself. Is the product going to sell? Absolutely the product is going to sell. It is a true global product targeting three very good sectors: mining, emergency services and defence.

It’s a product that is also recession-proof, in our view. Mining doesn’t stop. Miners continue to look at creating efficiencies within their networks to get their commodity out at the lowest possible price in the shortest possible time frame. When commodity prices weaken, they don’t stop. They keep producing but they look to improve their margins, and we are a product that can help them with that.

Emergency services will always be there. Natural disasters seem to be happening more and more often. We are in the right place to be able to provide a local solution for communications outages.

On defence, every single Western military is improving defence capabilities and looking at having redundancies in place. And we fit well within the defence sector.

Any investor is going to look at what the company does, what are their opportunities, what is their product, is it any good, is it scalable, do they think they can sell the product. I think we tick a lot of boxes. We have good forecast margins, and we hope to sign our first contract soon. And our upcoming secondary listing on the OTC will give US investors easy access to our shares.

Now is the time that investors would be looking at us and doing their due diligence. We are pre-revenue but have de-risked the business and things are moving quicker than we thought. As we do generate sales and contracts and all of that, I would hope to see that reflected in our valuation.

This story was featured in Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine.

Learn more about Critical Infrastructure Technologies at https://citech.com.au/

CSE Issuer Stories, Magazine

TANTALEX LITHIUM RESOURCES: ENJOYING “BEST OF ALL WORLDS” AS TWO PROJECTS MOVE TOWARD PRODUCTION AND INITIAL DRILLING BEGINS IN LARGE LITHIUM CORRIDOR

May 2, 2023 Peter Murray

Lithium is all the rage these days and for good reason, with the world going increasingly electric and viable sources of near-term lithium supply insufficient to meet projected demand. There are plenty of lithium exploration projects on the go, yet grade, location and other factors suggest few will go into production anytime soon.

Tantalex Lithium Resources (CSE:TTX) is in the enviable position of having a tin and tantalum project readying for production in Q1 2023, a lithium project heading for production by 2025 and a huge lithium pegmatite exploration project soon to see its first drilling ever. And expectations for the pegmatite project are high, sitting, as it does, near one of the world’s largest undeveloped hard rock lithium resources.

Tantalex President and Chief Executive Officer Eric Allard is a veteran of mining in Africa and knows well the country in which his team operates, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, or DRC. In a recent interview with Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine, Allard discussed working in the DRC and outlined timelines to production and exploration for the company’s projects.

Tantalex has three projects that collectively involve lithium, tantalum and tin. All are in the DRC and two are progressing toward production. Tell us about your experience in the DRC and the various aspects of working there.

The DRC is a very mining-focused country, so the procedures, regulations and administration for mining companies are clear. There is a mining code, a mining law and many mining companies operate there: Barrick is one, Glencore, Trafigura, ERG. They focus mainly on copper and cobalt.

The DRC is a very favourable jurisdiction in that regard. The challenge is administration. Because mines in the DRC are so rich, and mining represents such a large portion of the government’s annual revenue, they don’t so much see the difference between junior exploration companies and producing companies. Moving forward as a publicly listed junior mining company can be challenging in the DRC because they are used to overseeing producing companies, and it is a different mindset.

Looked at another way, the DRC resources are so rich that they do not really look for investors either. Investors come to them.

We are fortunate because the DRC has stated that it is very interested in developing the electric vehicle battery metals space, lithium being one of the big elements. The biggest hard rock undeveloped resource was discovered a few years ago in the Manono area: 400 million tonnes at 1.65% Li2O, which is one of the most incredible LCT (lithium-cesium-tantalum) pegmatites ever. And that’s in the region where we are.

Because we are operating tailings reclamation projects, our speed to market and ability to bring our projects to production is a big advantage. Seeing as we will likely be the first lithium producer in the DRC, we are getting a lot of support from the government.

What about obtaining permits and finding skilled workers?

There are no surprises as you go along. As long as you follow the procedures, the government will act upon them. As an example, we recently obtained a mining permit for our TiTan tin and tantalum project.

As far as human resources, Manono is a fairly remote area, but because the DRC is a mining country, there are a lot of very qualified technicians, engineers and tradespeople available. That’s a big advantage compared to many other mining jurisdictions around the world that are suffering from serious labour shortages.

You just mentioned receiving permits for TiTan. What comes next?

We had to work with the government on getting a better road to reach the project, and that is almost complete. We will be pouring the concrete foundations in December. It is a $10 million investment, and we anticipate two to three months for construction. Commissioning is scheduled for March, and the start of production shortly thereafter.

Can you walk us through TiTan’s economics and what this does for the company’s financials?

Production is planned to be 120 tonnes of tin concentrate per month and 20 tonnes of tantalum concentrate per month with a plant capacity throughput of 130 tonnes per hour.

On average, we are looking at about US$2.5 million to $3 million of revenue per month at today’s commodity prices, which would generate around $1 million to $1.5 million per month in net cash flow. The objective is to use it for the development of our other projects and also phase two and three of TiTan.

Talk to us now about the Manono Tailings project and the pegmatite corridor. Looking at maps of the projects, they seem to sit in a line.

They do, and that is a big advantage because our team can be working simultaneously on all three projects. The TiTan project is 40 kilometres southwest of the Manono Tailings project, so it’s all in close proximity.

Our flagship is really the Manono Tailings project. It comes from an old tin mine that operated from 1913 to the 1980s. The mine focused on tin and tantalum and never exploited the lithium. We bought into the tailings licence in 2018, and there are 11 dumps and processed tailings terraces. We conducted a drone topographic survey of the entire concession area and confirmed 105 million tonnes of material on surface.

A year and a half ago we identified where we would start drilling, targeting dumps with a higher presence of pegmatite, and we drilled on about half of the total dumps. We identified from our 13,000 metres of drilling a very interesting resource in the southwest portion.

We released the maiden resource for the Manono Tailings project on December 15 of this year, with 12.09 million tonnes at an average grade of 0.64% Li2O and a little under half already in the Measured and Indicated category. This allows us to proceed immediately with our phase one project to produce about 100,000 tonnes of spodumene concentrate per year at 6% Li2O (SC6) for an initial mine life of six to eight years.

With SC6 lithium concentrate foreseeably selling above US$4,000 per tonne for the next six to eight years and extremely low mining costs, you can see why we are so excited.

We are aiming to be in production by 2025.

And the pegmatite corridor is pure exploration at this point, is that correct?

Yes, our focus is to get the Manono Tailings project into production as soon as possible and take advantage of the supply shortage in the lithium space to generate substantial revenue for the company. We have already initiated a feasibility study and environmental and social impact studies, and we are targeting the completion of the feasibility study by June 2023. A PEA (Preliminary Economic Assessment) will likely be issued in March.

The pegmatite corridor is the blue sky potential. It is a 25 kilometre corridor immediately adjacent and down strike to the 400 million tonne 1.65% Li2O hard rock resource I mentioned earlier. All geology indicates the pegmatites that formed the historical mine extend to the southwest onto our properties. There are showings on surface of the pegmatites, but the corridor on our properties has never been drilled. We actually just started drilling there.

Let’s look beyond just mining for a moment. Tantalex supports community efforts in the DRC. What can you tell us about these and your motivation for being involved?

It’s a win-win. We are in partnership with the government with these efforts. The government relies on us to help NGOs and local populations, and by us doing so, it brings everyone closer.

It’s a case of becoming a citizen of the country. We are not there just to prove up a resource. The ultimate goal is sustainability. And to have a sustainable operation when we plan to be in the DRC for the long term, we have to work with the community and help people as much as we can, and they will help us in return. That’s what we are doing right now, and it is wonderful to see.

This latest medical campaign that we’ve supported, involving an NGO called Upright Africa, is just fantastic. It involved medical teams coming in and providing health care. Founder John Woods is a retired US doctor and has been in and out of Africa for the past 10 years, in war zones and lots of situations.

The Manono area was a thriving mining community for 80 years, and when the mine stopped so did everything else. Manono was forgotten by the rest of the world, but because there is more mining now, there is more hope. Doctors came in, and they were able to inaugurate a new hospital and get operations going.

To see this happening not only helps people who are ill but gives hope to others. That’s what they need – they need to feel that somebody is there to help them out. The mortality rate for children under 12 is close to 40%. And they are dying from things that don’t make sense in 2022.

You are based in Canada, but the projects require a lot of expertise on the ground, and I see you had metallurgical work done in South Africa. Talk to us about operating advanced projects overseas.

I’ve spent most of my career on the ground, and our team is also very experienced in Africa. Most of the members of our board have worked or are still working in Africa. We have a team of about 100 in the DRC, so we have surrounded ourselves with experienced managers, operators and workers. For us, it is nothing new. It is just our normal area of work. It is very remote, and there are always the challenges of Africa, but it is our experience that enables us to operate there effectively.

Is there anything we have missed?

To summarize, we are a company which is a near-term cash flow producer for three extremely strategic commodities: lithium, tin and tantalum, and also one with blue sky potential for much more discovery on our additional 1,200 square kilometres of exploration concessions around Manono. I think we have great assets and great people, and the timing could not be better for us. It is the best of all worlds.

This story was featured in Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine.

Learn more about Tantalex Lithium Resources at tantalexlithium.com.

CSE Issuer Stories, Magazine

InnoCan Pharma: Combining Cannabinoids and Cutting-Edge Science to Deliver Drugs on Target

December 28, 2022 Peter Murray

Smart drug delivery systems that deliver medications to specific sites in the human body are on the leading edge of science.

This type of biomedical engineering focuses on maximizing drug efficiency and minimizing possible side effects, while reducing the overall amount of medication used and frequency of treatment.

Cannabinoids play a crucial role in regulating the immune system and have been shown to suppress inflammation through multiple anti-inflammatory pathways. Their high safety profile makes them an appealing alternative to many traditional drugs, according to Iris Bincovich, Chief Executive Officer of InnoCan Pharma (CSE:INNO).

InnoCan is working to harness the unique qualities of cannabinoids and combine them with the latest in drug delivery systems. The goal is to deliver cannabinoids such as CBD so that more of it becomes available for the body to benefit from than with current platforms.

Bincovich recently spoke with Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine about working with university researchers on the combination of cannabinoids and innovative delivery systems, as well as the direction in which the company’s technologies are heading.

InnoCan recently reported the results of preclinical trials on dogs, using injections for both pain relief from osteoarthritis and for the treatment of epilepsy. What did you learn from these trials?

We learned that we can bring a substantially better bioavailability of CBD to the bloodstream.

The low oral bioavailability of CBD in people, at 6.5% to 20% of administered dosage, is a result of first pass metabolism in the liver and considered to be variable and dependent on fasting and fed conditions.

Together with The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, we’re developing injectable liposomal CBD formulations (LPT) that have already shown higher bioavailability of CBD and prolonged release to the bloodstream.

In a recent study, we’ve learned that the LPT showed close to 100% bioavailability of CBD and prolonged release for at least four weeks after one LPT subcutaneous injection.

In this preclinical trial, a dog with drug-resistant epilepsy was treated with InnoCan Pharma’s LPT injections. The results demonstrated that the frequency and intensity of the dog’s epileptic seizures decreased significantly. Since the last LPT injection, the dog has not had a seizure for over 10 weeks.

In another preclinical trial, six dogs suffering from osteoarthritis and treated with oral analgesics, but still experiencing pain, were administered a single LPT subcutaneous injection in addition to their routine analgesics. CBD concentrations were observed for six weeks following the liposomal CBD injection in the dogs’ plasma. Owners reported that the dogs’ pain and wellbeing scores improved for several weeks after the injection. The results show that the LPT technology has the potential to provide additional analgesia in dogs suffering from pain.

You’re starting by treating dogs for these conditions, and eventually moving on to the human side?

We’re gathering data for this purpose. We chose a big animal model for developing a drug and a treatment model. And yes, the veterinary industry is a potential market whereas the regulatory barriers are marked for the human pharma side.

In both pathways, veterinary and human, we see a lot of potential for the LPT technology to improve patients’ quality of life.

CBD-loaded exosomes (CLX) may hold the potential to regenerate cells. Could this work for conditions associated with the central nervous system?

Exosomes are small particles created when stem cells are multiplied. Lately, they are considered a very promising delivery platform for different molecules. The exosomes can be used as a delivery vehicle that can deliver cannabinoids to diverse target sites in the body.

Various cannabinoids were shown to protect neuronal cell death following their exposure to various oxidative stress damages.

We’re collaborating with Ramot at Tel Aviv University to develop a revolutionary cannabinoid-loaded exosome technology that may hold the potential to provide a highly synergistic therapeutic effect. This effect utilizes the regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties of exosomes and cannabinoids to target various conditions associated with the central nervous system.

What’s next for InnoCan?

The LPT platform development is now in the stage of collecting more safety and efficacy information, with a view toward human clinical trials.

From Q4 2022 going into 2023, we will commence targeting pharma veterinary companies, especially in the companion animal arena for pain management and epilepsy drugs, to initiate negotiation of licensing agreements.

In the three years since we went public, we’ve done an early exercise of warrants. Nearly 90% of our investors chose to exercise the warrants for total proceeds of C$9.2 million. We’re collaborating with leading scientific institutes, focusing on the development of the LPT and CLX drug delivery systems, to achieve our goals of presenting the market with more efficient and accurate delivery systems of cannabinoids to the body.

This story was featured in Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine.

Learn more about InnoCan Pharma at innocanpharma.com.

CSE Performance

Year-End 2022 Interview with Canadian Securities Exchange CEO Richard Carleton

December 15, 2022 Peter Murray

With 2022 drawing to a close, the global financial community is looking back on yet another year of unprecedented activity across markets. Governments relaxed pandemic restrictions and wound down historic financial support for individuals and companies, just as interest rates surged in response to inflation concerns that proved to be highly warranted. Shifts in the geopolitical and security landscapes added to the uncertainty.

As always, volatility means difficult times for some and opportunity for others. The mining industry was in the spotlight to be sure, as prices for some metals weakened modestly, while others rose or remained strong. Cannabis rode expectations for regulatory change in the US to both the upside and downside.

The Canadian Securities Exchange took this environment in stride, leveraging competitive advantages that have underpinned its success by making it a popular listing destination for entrepreneurial companies from around the world. The year 2023 looks set to be transformational for the CSE, with several major developments on the horizon that are important for investors, issuers and the financial professionals who serve them to know about.

Canadian Securities Exchange CEO Richard Carleton sat down recently to discuss key accomplishments during 2022 and their meaning for the CSE, as well as to explore some of the changes on deck for 2023.

We have a number of important topics to cover, including some substantial developments set to take place at the CSE early in the new year. But before getting to these, it’s important to set the table with some thoughts on financial markets in 2022. Markets seemed more challenging to figure out than usual. What is the view at the CSE?

Well, I guess there are a few themes. The first is that mining is really driving the bus in terms of capital raised and generating the vast majority of our new listings. And different from some past mining cycles we have seen at the Canadian Securities Exchange, there is investor interest across a range of metals.

Rather than the traditional emphasis on precious metals exploration, we have seen a focus on battery metals: nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, as well as lithium, graphite and rare earths.

Many of these companies are exploring sites where historic drilling took place. World prices for those metals could not support or commercialization of these deposits some years ago. I think it’s fair to say that given the increases in commodity prices, particularly when we consider them in Canadian dollars, the likelihood of producing mines being developed on these properties is higher than perhaps we have seen in earlier mining cycles.

On the other hand, we are seeing lower levels of trading activity on the exchange. Far fewer people working from home at this point, and I think the increase in interest rates has put a lot of investors in defensive mode, particularly retail investors. The decline in major indices, especially those tracking large technology companies, has also made people somewhat more conservative in terms of risk profile in my view.

The amount of money raised by companies on the exchange is also smaller than we have seen for the last few years. This can be explained by the fact that early-stage mining exploration companies are coming to market with relatively modest market capitalizations; they don’t need a lot of money to fund the initial phases of drilling they are looking to carry out. This contrasts with the large, integrated US cannabis companies coming to market a few years ago where single companies were raising several hundred million dollars in one go.

Overall, financing activity is robust, but it is not accounting for anywhere near the total sums of money that we saw in the latter part of 2020 and early part of 2021.

The CSE continues to pursue issuers from jurisdictions outside of Canada: Australia, Israel and the US are prime examples. Why these markets in particular and what are the plans for 2023?

I believe that one of the best things that Canada does as an economy is to provide public venture capital to early-stage companies. When we are looking at applying the services and skills we offer, we view, in particular, Israel, Australia and the United States as three dynamic places that support start-up companies. But in Israel and the United States, there isn’t a marketplace like the CSE that services early-stage companies with the focus that we bring to the table.

In the case of Australia, we have real interest from the mining community, especially with mining very much back on the minds of investors in North America. We can help Australian companies, that have maybe raised their preliminary capital in Australia, to access more of the global markets through a listing on the Canadian Securities Exchange. This makes them more accessible to investors in Canada, the United States and Europe. What we are looking for are dynamic economies generating lots of start-up companies, but where the companies are perhaps underserved by local markets in their effort to raise public capital.

The CSE has been working on a blockchain-based system for the clearing and settlement of tokenized securities. Where does the project stand and have recent developments outside the Exchange influenced your strategy?

We’ve made good progress on the technology. In fact, this summer we tested the full cycle of a trade with one of the dealers. That would be the trade, through clearing and settlement to all of the back-office processes that need to be completed in order to finalize a transaction. From that perspective, we have continued to make good progress.

It is fair to say that the crypto winter, or whatever you might call it, has influenced how we are thinking about this effort as we move forward. We have a lot of very credible people who are looking to tokenize securities to take advantage of some of the strengths of the technology, and we are continuing to work with regulators on a framework for that.

I think regulators will be conservative in their approach to tokenized securities in view of the situation with FTX and the knock-on impact on a number of participants in the crypto space. None of these, to be honest, are all that relevant to the traditional securities world, which is what we occupy. But, as I say, I believe it will make the regulators more conservative in terms of their approach with regard to thinking about some of the things that we are looking to achieve.

There are a number of job postings on the CSE website, mostly in customer support and regulation. What specific needs will the exchange be addressing with these hires?

A lot of the growth is taking place in our Vancouver office, and it is very much tied to the changes we are looking to implement in our listings policies. We have been working with the regulators and believe we are very close to coming to terms with the British Columbia Securities Commission and the Ontario Securities Commission on the approval of these policies.

The commissions are asking us to take on a larger role in overseeing a number of aspects regarding issuers listed on the exchange. For example, we will be launching a senior tier, which perhaps 80 to 100 companies will qualify for.

The way the regulations work, and exchange policies, is that these companies will be subject to closer scrutiny than the more junior companies. That is more labour intensive from the exchange’s perspective, and we have been staffing up to meet the obligations we are undertaking as a result of these policy changes.

The CSE team participated in several cannabis industry events in 2022, and you were recently named “Capital Markets Advocate of the Year” by the American Trade Association for Cannabis and Hemp. What is the exchange’s motivation to devote so many resources to the cannabis industry? And what have you learnt about the cannabis industry that the market doesn’t know but needs to?

I think roughly 85% of the market capitalization on the exchange is in the cannabis space. They are our largest companies, our most mature companies, and they account for the vast majority of the revenues generated by companies on the CSE. So, it is a very important community for us to work with and to recognize and support.

There are also a significant number of private companies in the United States in the cannabis sector who don’t like the asset values being given in the public markets right now, especially in light of the decline in share price for many of the companies after Senator McConnell indicated that he was not going to support the SAFE Banking Act, which is liberalization of the rules around access to banking services for the cannabis industry. He suggested he would not be backing that during this session of Congress, and perhaps beyond.

In any event, there is a significant additional number of companies in the United States that we believe will be candidates for listing at some point, so we are trying to keep those relationships warm, even though valuations are not as attractive at the moment as they once were.

I will focus on some of the challenges the US cannabis industry faces in the capital markets. It is unique in the sense that, particularly for the US companies, about 97% of the shares are held by retail accounts. For a number of reasons, there is very little institutional participation in these names. For some it is because they are not listed on a national securities exchange in the United States, because their custodian refuses to keep shares of US cannabis companies in custody, because of volatility, or because they are operating in a state where cannabis is illegal. Many institutions have determined that it is not an investment they are prepared to make.

What that means is that there just isn’t the kind of long-term institutional holding of these shares, which I think has made them considerably more volatile, both up and down, than some of the other companies in their consumer-packaged goods peer group.

When people look at these big price swings, it is important to understand that this is not a Procter & Gamble or something along those lines, where you have a significant percentage of the stock held by institutions, fund managers or ETFs. This is all pretty much retail activity, and retail investors may not have the patience, investment horizon or approach that you would see from an institution. That’s fine, but people need to understand that the profile of these companies may be a little different when it comes to secondary market trading activity as a result.

Mining is another sector that is historically important to the CSE. In 2022, over 70 new mining companies have listed on the exchange. What makes the CSE such a good home for resource companies?

There are two things that I would highlight. The first one is that our team has a really good reputation with leaders in the entrepreneurial community, as well as the investment bankers and the accountants and the lawyers who service that community. We have surveyed these groups over the course of the year to get a better understanding of how they see us and our competitors. We see not only a high level of satisfaction, but a lot of repeat business from these professionals who have had a positive experience as they bring a company to market on the Canadian Securities Exchange.

That experience includes everything from the analysts reviewing files to our accountants. As one example, Francis Manns is an experienced consulting geologist who was extremely influential in the development of 43-101 reports for mining. He is now a resource at the CSE available to our issuers as they look to improve the quality of their public disclosure through technical documentation. He is a highly regarded individual and someone whom people in the industry look forward to working with.

The other piece is that our pricing is very amenable and responsive to the needs of the mining community. It is less expensive to list on the Canadian Securities Exchange than on other markets via IPOs and RTOs. We have long had a policy of providing cost certainty for companies. We are not looking to charge fees as a company raises money, for instance. We are not in the situation where we are nickel-and-diming our companies. They know at the start of the year what their budget is for maintaining a listing on the Canadian Securities Exchange and we stick to that. This is something the companies appreciate because they apply more of the money raised to advancing their projects, as opposed to putting it in the back pocket of the exchange where they happen to be listed.

I think the combination of those two things gives us a powerful leg up when it comes to attracting new business from the mining industry.

In October, the exchange launched the CSE2 trading venue. What exactly is CSE2 and what led you to launch a new venue in what appears to be a fairly crowded landscape?

This is a difficult question to answer quickly because it involves a grasp of evolving Canadian equity market structure. But I’ll give it a try.

An increasing number of brokers are providing zero-commission trading for their clients. People wonder how they get paid if they are not charging clients anything for the trading services they provide.

One of the ways is to monetize order flow from their clients. So, how do they do that?

Markets in Canada typically incent the provision of liquidity by providing a rebate to the party that posts an order that eventually trades. And they charge a higher fee to the party who accesses that liquidity by causing the trade to happen. It is known as “maker-taker” because one party makes the liquidity and the other party takes it. The maker gets a rebate and the taker is charged a fee.

All markets now have a second book which has an inverted price method in which the party who takes the liquidity receives the rebate and the party who posts the order is charged a fee. That way, the discount broker, let’s say, receives a rebate when they post a non-marketable order, and they receive a rebate in the inverted market when they trade against an order that is already there. That way they get rebates on their active orders and they get rebates on their passive orders.

Now, remember how important retail is to the Canadian Securities Exchange, and a lot of that order flow is coming from discount brokers that have reduced or eliminated trading charges over the last few years.

It is thus critical for us, if we are to maintain our price discovery role in the marketplace, to ensure that we continue to gather as many of the passive and active orders for companies listed on the CSE as we possibly we can. Yes, it is a crowded marketplace, but we are the listing exchange and we need to maintain that price discovery for determining the market value of securities at any given time. The alternative is to potentially lose that to marketplaces that are not having to absorb the expenses and regulatory responsibility to actually list the company. That is where we are coming from with CSE2.

One of the biggest developments slated for 2023 is the introduction of a CSE senior tier. How will this differentiate the exchange and what other activities are you planning to support this evolution?

There are really a few things, but I guess the first misconception I want to clear up is that this involves us somehow declaring war on other exchanges in Canada and making a pitch to a company like Royal Bank to delist from the Toronto Stock Exchange and come over to the CSE. It really isn’t that at all.

We have a number of companies on the CSE that would meet the admission criteria on senior exchanges in Canada. And we don’t want to be in a position where those companies are able to follow lesser standards of corporate governance, or longer periods to provide quarterly reporting to the marketplace as well as their annual audit results by virtue of the fact that they are listed on the CSE.

We are trying to put those companies on a level playing field with their peers that are listed on the other senior markets in Canada. We also, obviously, want to retain these companies. I sometimes speak about the Nasdaq back in the 1970s and the 1980s as one of our inspirations. They did such a good job working with Microsoft and Cisco and Oracle way back when they didn’t qualify for the New York Stock Exchange because they lacked tangible assets in the form of factories and steel mills and those sorts of things. All they had was intellectual property and engineers working to improve it.

When the New York Stock Exchange tried to attract Bill Gates and the rest of the senior leadership of the young tech companies in the United States, they told them they were not going to move because they’d had such a positive experience working with Nasdaq as public companies.

That’s the kind of approach we would like to take. We have worked with many companies that have succeeded and are growing. We want those companies to stay and continue to prosper on our marketplace and not go somewhere else simply because they qualify.

The other part is that we are interested in the opportunity to list ETFs and structured products. Looking at some of the other markets in Canada, they have robust structured product and ETF offerings that attract a lot of new listing activity. That is something that has not been available to us in years past, and we hope to open that capability and compete on a level playing field with other exchanges in Canada for that business. We think there are a number of products, such as a true cannabis ETF, that really do have a natural home on the Canadian Securities Exchange.

Let’s close on a look back and a look ahead. Talk to us about what it took to build the CSE to its current status, and what amongst your team’s accomplishments makes you the proudest. What should the financial community expect from the CSE over the next two or three years?

I’m going to work backward and start with the question about what to expect. The answer is not all that exciting, but I’d say to anticipate more of the same. That means the CSE grows quickly and we continue to be responsive to the needs of the corporate finance community in Canada, and particularly to entrepreneurs. That way, whatever industry sectors are receiving support from the investor community in Canada, we will be here to support them and provide them with fair, transparent and accessible trading markets for their securities. And then overlay that with the opportunity to compete for more structured products and ETFs.

What did it take for us to get here? It is very much the team we built and the reputation it has earned through hard work and engagement with people across Canada, the United States and beyond. They achieve a very high level of customer satisfaction and repeat business – all of the indicators suggest that we will continue to be very competitive with our peers in bringing new companies to market, and really what it rests on is the people we have had around us for years. Our bench is deep and experienced. And we continue to add to it with people who are excited to join a group that did such a good job of building an exchange that is now a material part of the Canadian financial landscape.

There are not many other examples in the world of an alternative exchange like ours being successful and having the impact that it has had. I think that while all of us can take some pride in that, what we definitely can’t do now is to take it easy. It is still a very competitive landscape in Canada and beyond.

CSE Issuer Stories, Magazine

International Battery Metals: Technology to support clean, consistent lithium supply takes a big leap forward

July 27, 2022 Peter Murray

Technological breakthroughs are where the big money is often made in the stock market, and International Battery Metals (CSE:IBAT) is a perfect example. As it entered the fourth quarter of 2020, the company’s shares could be picked up for around $0.10. More recently, those same shares have changed hands as high as $7.40.

It is a success story based on solutions in an industry crying out for them, one where inefficiency is clashing with a generational shift in consumption to create high prices and serious concerns about future supply shortages. Given the move toward greener economies, not to mention regional resource security, it might not come as a surprise that lithium is the prized product we are talking about.

International Battery Metals Chief Executive Officer Dr. John Burba can truly be described as a technology pioneer in the lithium extraction industry. Now at the helm of his own company, the pace of his achievements is only picking up momentum.

Dr. Burba spoke with Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine in late March about the company’s technology and how he sees it contributing to a better macro climate for the lithium industry, and the global environment, in the years ahead.

We will explore your technology and the company’s success in a moment, but can you begin with your view on the state of lithium supply and demand and how it shapes your strategy?

I’ll start off by saying that I think the lithium industry today is where the oil and gas industry was in about 1910. There are strong analogies.

If you go back to what was happening in the early 20th century, people did not really know much about how to get oil and gas out of the ground successfully. The process was very dirty. Pollution was ignored. It was just a nasty process. Of course, that has improved in the decades since.

The lithium industry is not that different. There are two major supplies of lithium today. There is hard rock mining, which is spodumene. Basically, companies are mining this in a variety of places and sending it to China for processing.

Then there is lithium extraction from brines, and you either have solar evaporation, which is very damaging, or you have FMC’s process, which I invented when I worked for FMC. That approach is better but still has drawbacks.

The industry has old processes that are not as efficient as they need to be, and significant issues on top of that with environmental damage. That is the backdrop to where we are. We have a tremendous shortage looming over us, and that is why prices are so high for lithium right now.

If the world continues producing lithium the way it does, the shortages are going to get worse. It will negatively impact the number of vehicles that can be produced and the number of batteries that can be produced. People will start using less efficient batteries and that is not going to be good for the transition we hope to see.

Can you quantify industry efficiency for us?

To give you a few examples, recovery rates for these processes are not very high. If you look at solar evaporation in Chile, they only recover about 20% to 30% of the lithium and the rest is wasted on the desert floor. FMC’s process recovers around 40% to 45% of the lithium.

Lithium is the only industry I’m aware of that tolerates such abysmal recovery rates. Most industries would be going crazy if they were wasting over 50% of their desired product.

So, these are the burdens that this industry is bearing right now. And the answer is not going to come from big established companies. They are simply not capable of, or not interested in, radically changing the industry so that it becomes efficient and responsive to the needs of the world.

In a recent press release, Universidad de Santiago de Chile stated that your technology is the “only one capable of separating lithium without leaving a significant impact on the environment.” Walk us through what differentiates your approach.

When you look at lithium extraction, one hears a lot about direct lithium extraction (DLE), and many start-up companies preach that as if it’s some new thing. The DLE concept actually began at Dow Chemical in the late 1970s and the 1980s, so that idea has been around for a long time.

Basically, it is about having a technology that can selectively pull lithium from the brine and let everything else go by. We are using a proven form of direct lithium extraction that is based on an absorbent that a friend of mine and I invented back in the 1990s. We have improved it since then, but it was groundbreaking at the time.

This material will selectively recover lithium from a saturated brine. And the selectivity is astronomically high.

The reason that matters is because there is not that much lithium in even the best resources. In that Atacama brine that everybody loves, you have about 2,000 parts per million lithium. If you look at Alberta, you are talking about 50 to 80 parts per million.

The lithium concentrations are low and you have to have something that will pick up the lithium and leave behind everything else.

We have improved our process so that – and we still have to prove this – but we are expecting to see recovery rates substantially higher than 60%. And we are hoping for recovery rates in the range of 90% to 95%.

The second thing is we intend to inject the brine back into the formation rather than putting it onto the ground and letting it evaporate. The problem with letting it evaporate is that you create salt flats all over the place, and salt is very detrimental to ecology.

The third thing, and perhaps the most important for jurisdictions such as Chile, is that our technology enables us to recover vast amounts of water. We will be recycling about 98% of our process water. In the Atacama, for example, they don’t recycle any water with solar evaporation.

What about the equipment itself? Are there positive environmental aspects to your physical footprint at a project?

We have been able to shrink the size of the processing equipment and that has allowed us to modularize and develop a mobile plant concept. We can put modular equipment in place, assemble it, turn it on and begin processing lithium in a short period of time.

When we are done, we pick up the equipment and eventually you won’t be able to tell that we were ever there. We can build one of these plants in months, rather than years.

I will add that our omnibus patent for this mobile and modular process has been issued.

What is the status in terms of commercialization? And what is the commercialization plan?

I’m glad you brought that up, because if we can’t make money, we can’t do a good job on the environment. We have two contracts with a company called Scorcia Minerals. They have substantial resources and we have a contract with them in Chile and Argentina providing exclusive rights to use our equipment there.

Our arrangement sees us receive a royalty on final sale of the product. They buy the equipment from us on a cost-plus basis, we operate on a cost-plus basis, and we own 10% of each project.

We are focused on North America right now and I would say that in the next two years we intend to have one of our units extracting lithium in the United States. We also intend to build a lithium carbonate hydroxide facility in the United States so that we have a North American base for significant lithium production.

Once we are established in North America, we are also open to Africa, Europe and other places where they have good resources.

Give us a look at your future and where the industry is going. How big do you think you can get and how does your company maintain a leadership position?

We have passed a tipping point from the standpoint of transportation and electrification. In the first question, I made the analogy to the oil industry a hundred years ago. I think lithium is going to see a lot of the same drive that oil did.

Some people will ask why not sodium, or why not potassium? It comes down to basic chemistry. Lithium is the best. Its transport numbers are the fastest, which means it will zip across a cell very rapidly, and go into crystals very rapidly, and it has a very high half-cell potential. So, when you look at this, all of it bodes well for powerful, high-capacity batteries. It is not likely we are going to find a battery chemistry that works better than lithium.

And then how do we remain relevant? We have to do every one of our projects in a credible and honest way and we have to be successful in everything that we say. We are not into predicting. We want to do it and then explain what we’ve done. Our accomplishments need to be real and measurable. That is the kind of thing that serious investors like.

Anything we have missed?

Right now, the biggest driver of success in the industry is time to market. We have exceedingly high prices. If I can start today and have a plant operating in 18 months, as opposed to six years, I have already won the game. That is where the mobile and modular extraction comes into play. We can get in rapidly, and we can expand a facility rapidly. It is like LEGO – you just plug it in.

I’d also point out that high recovery rates and things of that nature flow through to low operating costs. And something we have not talked about is that capital costs for our modular system are substantially lower than for traditional plants. We don’t have to put in foundations or construct big buildings. We don’t have a cast of thousands to support 24 hours a day. This makes it much easier to finance a plant and that makes it easier for us to expand. These are the reasons I am very optimistic about our future.

This story was featured in the Canadian Securities Exchange magazine.

Learn more about International Battery Metals at https://www.ibatterymetals.com/.

CSE Issuer Stories, Magazine

The Yumy Candy Company: Healthy candy becomes a reality thanks to a team that does the right things for the right reasons

April 20, 2022 Peter Murray

In today’s food and beverage marketplace, consumers demand healthy choices in all product segments. Candy is an item defined in many people’s minds by recipes laden with sugar, which is not exactly what one tends to associate with good health. But change is underway, and at the vanguard of this evolution is Erica Williams, Founder and Chief Executive Officer of The Yumy Candy Company (CSE:TYUM).

Vancouver-based Yumy Candy Company is a leader in better-for-you candy, not only because it is an emerging category ripe for new entrepreneurs, but also because it fits the kinds of goals that Williams and her team are committed to accomplishing.

In a wide-ranging interview with Canadian Securities Exchange Magazine in early December, Williams discussed her strategy for launching The Yumy Candy brand, the market it plays in, and why the company’s products are already segment leaders.

The better-for-you category is self-explanatory on the surface. But how big is this segment of the food and beverage industry and what drives a successful product and brand?

The better-for-you confectionary market is just getting started. It is not a trend. I think that is the number one thing I am asked. We are the first and only vegan and better-for-you confectionary company to go public, which is a huge accomplishment, and it gives investors and opportunity to invest in the future of the confectionary sector.

I think we will see more and more better-for-you candy companies IPO, as this is a growing space and still has lots of upside potential.

The better-for-you space has been growing substantially over the last five years. I’ve seen it with the shift from high-sugar products to low-sugar alternatives, and then it was from meat and dairy to vegan options, with initially the plant-based meat, and now the plant-based dairy industry taking off. I believe the vegan confectionery sector is just at the beginning of its growth.

In 2020, the global health and wellness food market was valued at US$733 billion and projected to increase to $1 trillion by 2026. In 2019, the sugar-free market in the US alone was a $1.88 billion industry. Over 60% of consumers say that working toward a more plant-based diet is the trend they are looking for.

What drives a successful brand is a winning product and a winning team, and I think we have both. At the end of the day, it comes down to what the consumer wants, and listening to what they are looking for. Innovation is key and that’s exactly what we’re doing here at The Yumy Candy Company.

Candy is a large and competitive market segment. What advantages do Yumy Candy products have? How did you decide on these and then develop products based on that insight?

I’ve been in the health and wellness space for a long time and have my finger on the pulse of what people are looking for, and that is essential to give your brand that edge.

One of the biggest competitive advantages is that we are really focused on taste and texture. Not only are Yumy Bears the best tasting, but they are also much softer and don’t get stuck in your teeth like other candies. You no longer have to sacrifice taste and satisfaction when choosing a better-for-you candy.

Going into our launch, we did extensive market research in the confectionery space and it showed that consumers are looking for new vegan and environmentally sustainable options that are better for human health and animal welfare. We realized there was a significant gap on the shelves. Being one of the first better-for-you alternatives in the aisle has given us a huge competitive advantage. Companies like Hershey’s and Haribo are slowly starting to make adaptations to come into the space, but hopefully by that time we have claimed the unclaimed market share.

The second competitive advantage of our products is that we are up to 92% less sugar than traditional candy. There is a huge trend toward low-sugar items. Most people are aware of how overconsumption of high-sugar products has negative impacts on overall health, especially for children.

And the third competitive advantage we identified is the movement away from sugar alcohols and artificial sweeteners, because they have been shown to influence blood sugar levels. We cater to the demand for great tasting, naturally sweetened products without using any sugar alcohols or artificial sweeteners. And then over the last two years, immunity and health has been at the top of people’s minds. Consumers are becoming more conscious of what they are putting into their body and that is another reason we are seeing people gravitate toward healthier confectionery options.

The distributors you utilize supply many of the largest food and pharmacy retailers in Canada. How extensive do you see distribution of your products becoming in terms of store numbers and over what period?

We wanted to make sure we partnered with distributors that have strong retail partners. We recently partnered with a couple of Canada’s largest distributors of quality health and confectionary products. That will bring us significant growth in sales and increase market share. Working with distributors with all of the major retailers in Canada, such as Whole Foods, Loblaws, Sobeys – they have distribution to over 7,000 vendor locations – we expect to be in thousands of locations in the next 12 months.

One of our distributors has been the main factor in establishing and distributing many great bands and companies in the confectionary space, one of which was recently acquired for US$360 million in our direct better-for-you space. Star Marketing, our other main distributor, has won awards for their relationships with retail chains such as London Drugs. We are excited that The Yumy Candy Company is well on its way to gaining tremendous market share in a relatively short period of time.

Walk us through sales to date and your marketing strategy. How important is brick-and-mortar retail compared to online sales?

Our sales strategy was to go directly to consumers. We wanted to get into the hands of consumers, let them taste the product and then let them decide. We conducted in-store product tastings, attended trade shows, went to local markets – every community event possible to get in front of our target customers. The feedback was overwhelmingly positive and we knew we had a winning product.

Our sales strategy was to establish a strong retail presence in a short amount of time and that was really to start with brick-and-mortar retail, and that allowed us to grow across Canada and establish that strong retail presence.

We also launched our e-commerce. Given recent events, people have stayed home and are looking to shop online, so we did them in tandem. We recently scaled into a large nationwide distributor, which allows us access to the large retailers in the country, as well as the largest volume of brick-and-mortar businesses. That has brought us double-digit percentage growth each quarter and we expect to see that well into 2022 and beyond.

Being a young female founder, I knew it was important to be omnipresent throughout our marketing strategy. We engaged in multiple layers of strategy, from influencer marketing with both macro influencers, or people with over a million followers, and micro influencers with more intimate but loyal followings. And we drove traffic through social media advertisements.

We also leveraged tried and true methods such as traditional product tasting teams across the country, in-store print advertising, billboards, and physical guerilla marketing like vehicle wraps. We see both brick-and-mortar and online sales as important, with an obvious trend toward online shopping, which is why we are currently scaling to different online platforms using traditional and new technological methods such as obtaining a large Instagram and Facebook footprint, SEO, online PPC and geotagging. But our product is a convenient grab-and-go snack and will always excel in the grocery, pharmacy, convenience and retail channels which we will continue to expand throughout the leading national retailers.

It would be great to hear some of the feedback from retailers and consumers.

We’ve got a lot of positive feedback, which is amazing. One of our main sources is product tastings on social media and strong relationships with our retail partners. Everyone enjoys the delicious fruity flavours we offer and the soft and squishy texture that does not get stuck in your teeth. People also love the variety of low-sugar candy and that we are 100% vegan. Overall, people love to have healthy treats that they can enjoy and feel good about eating, and that’s what we’re all about at Yumy Candy.

This story was featured in the Canadian Securities Exchange magazine.

Learn more about The Yumy Candy Company at https://yumybear.com/.

CSE Performance

Year-End 2021 Interview With Richard Carleton Part 2

December 21, 2021 Peter Murray

Earlier this month, CSE CEO Richard Carleton sat down for an interview to recap an eventful 2021 and what is shaping up to be the CSE’s biggest year ever in 2022.

It is fair to say that the CSE is moving to a new level in the global exchange ecosystem – it’s like the next generation of the CSE. A senior issuer designation is part of this evolution. Can you update us on its status and the importance of the new designation, both to CSE issuers and the Exchange itself?

I think I should start by explaining that there is no such thing as an exchange designation being senior or junior. The way securities regulation works in Canada is that it is the companies that are characterized as being senior or venture issuers.

On December 9, we formally announced a project in the form of a request for comment published by the BC and Ontario securities commissions. What this entails is a significant rewrite to the listings rules of the Canadian Securities Exchange.

There are two major facets to the project. The first one is that we are updating our requirements for junior companies, both at the entry level and to continue to be listed on the Exchange. We have worked with our regulators over the last couple of years to revise these rules.

The second part, which is grabbing all of the headlines, is that we are creating a senior tier of the exchange. This is not a new exchange or separate trading facility, but a designation for a certain number of our issuers who have achieved a certain size and maturity in terms of the development of their business. Do they have revenue? Do they have significant assets? Is their sales trajectory rising? Do they have a significant market capitalization?

We’ve identified some 60 to 80 companies that would qualify to list on similar exchanges in Canada, and we’ve also seen a move by companies to dually list with Nasdaq this year. So, we are creating a rule framework that will regulate these companies, in effect as senior issuers.

The new framework will require these companies to have larger boards, bring more prescription around corporate governance procedures, plus set shorter timeframes to complete quarterly and audited annual financial reporting. There are also a few other measures that the companies will have to abide by, including more supervision of their continuous disclosure to the market.

In return, we believe there are multiple benefits for issuers designated as members of the senior tier. The first is that we have been working with IIROC to ensure these companies will be included on IIROC’s list of securities that are eligible for reduced margin when in dealer inventory. Right now, when dealers are holding CSE issuers in inventory, they have to take a charge against their regulatory capital of 100 cents on the dollar. Companies trading at more than $5.00 per share will only have to have a charge against regulatory capital of 20 cents, which is equivalent to that on other exchanges in Canada that serve as a senior company marketplace. It sounds technical, but it will have a practical impact on reducing the cost of capital for these companies when they are raising money.

We’re also working with international index providers to ensure that these companies are eligible for inclusion in different indices. For example, the US multi-state operators, which in many cases have market capitalizations in the billions of dollars, could qualify for inclusion in one of the MSCI or FTSE US indices. We have companies operating in Israel that would qualify for inclusion in the Israeli indices. We have been working with the index companies to provide for this capability.

We’ll also have, as part of the senior designation, the ability to list SPACs (Special Purpose Acquisition Companies), exchange traded funds, and structured products. And that’s important because we know that there are a number of ETF manufacturers that would like to launch products that are US cannabis-oriented, and they could launch those products on the CSE. There may not be much room left to run in the SPAC space, but we also know that there are some interesting structured products that are being developed, and we think we are the logical home for those instruments.

That is all part of the Exchange competition to come, where we will be working with the creators of these products to provide an appropriate home for their new listings.

Read Richard’s latest blog post here to learn more about issuer designations and the request for comments on the CSE’s proposal to revise its listing policies.

The senior designation is obviously going to be a very important development. Considering this, the impressive financing activity, the consistent growth in both institutional and retail investor participation, and other factors we have discussed, can you talk to us more about your views on the CSE’s evolving position within the broader global financial marketplace.

It is very much an evolution. We have been at this for 20 years and have the benefit of a very experienced team, whether it’s on the trading, market information, or listings regulation side, who understand at a very deep level what it takes to provide successful exchange services to the issuer, investor, and trading communities.

What it has really been is a series of efforts by us to eliminate all of the barriers and friction points for our issuers in the provision of those services. If I think back some years ago, we weren’t accessible by the online discount brokers in Canada. That was a huge issue that we devoted a great deal of time and energy to, and then five or six years ago, we managed to overcome that hurdle. Of course, that had a big impact on turnover, accessibility, and the appeal of a listing on the Canadian Securities Exchange.

Now that we have a cohort of larger, highly successful companies that have achieved a significant level of development in their lifecycle, we are looking at the friction points there. I talked about membership in international indices. We also need to improve access for international investors, one example being brokers who provide access to Canada for accounts in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and other regions. We have to ensure they have access to these names.

There are institutional investors who claim they won’t invest in the small-cap space and have concluded that anything listed on the CSE is small-cap in nature. We have to work with these institutional investors to educate them about the success that many of our issuers have had, and the fact that they have attained market capitalizations in excess of a billion dollars in a number of cases.

At the end of the day, it’s a case of keeping our nose to the grindstone. It’s doing the hard work, making the trips, representing the issuers, identifying the hurdles, and developing plans to overcome those challenges.

It really sounds like 2022 is going to be one of the most important years in the CSE’s history. Let’s conclude with your thoughts on what companies listed on the CSE can anticipate in terms of service enhancements in the new year.

In the first part of the year, we are going to be working with the industry on completing the comment period for the new listings manual project. And in conjunction with that, we are going to be quite vocal across a variety of channels, explaining to people that we have succeeded with a number of very large companies, so the marketplace can expect some promotion and information related to that.

As our customer base grows and our regulatory obligations and connection with the framework for the senior issuers grows, we will be enhancing the teams who work with our issuers and their advisors, in our Toronto and Vancouver offices in particular. It is incredibly important that we continue to maintain our service levels, which is a really important part of what we do. I have received tremendous feedback over the years regarding both the personal service levels people feel they get at the Canadian Securities Exchange and the very positive problem-solving culture within our group. And we are certainly looking to maintain that as we continue to build out the team in order to provide high levels of service.

And I know we have talked about it for some years now, but we will see settlement and clearing services from the Canadian Securities Exchange in 2022. In fact, I have just come from a demonstration of the real, live system which is up and running in our testing environment. So, that is something I think will give us a significant advantage, in particular when we are working with the industry on listing structured products and taking advantage of the benefits of tokenizing their securities.

Obviously, there is lots going on. As we know, there is also motion in the global securities world. We’ve got Cboe Global Markets, which has acquired the NEO Exchange locally, and they will be closing that transaction at some point next year. And so that really leaves us as the only Canadian listing venue, along with the TMX Group, being locally owned and operated. That is an advantage we will be continuing to present to the industry in 2022.

Check out Part 1 of the interview here.

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International Battery Metals: Technology to support clean, consistent lithium supply takes a big leap forward

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Year-End 2021 Interview With Richard Carleton Part 2

Official Blog of the CSE – Canadian Securities Exchange

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Official Blog of the CSE – Canadian Securities Exchange